Welcome to BSIDent - THE EVIDENCE

Our organisation has been challenged many times over the years since we came together in 1991, for the lack of sound scientific evidence backing up the way we work. We have tended to respond by pointing out that there is also scant solid evidence to support the conventional viewpoint, which is true.  Even the many trials and reviews of conventional orthodontic thinking that have been ‘rubber stamped’ by the Cochrane Review body virtually all state that ‘this study is not a suitable basis for treatment planning’ and that ‘further study is urgently needed’.  

There are three levels of scientific evidence in all aspect of healthcare. 1). The randomised controlled trial (RCT) is obviously the highest level of scientific proof and acceptance. However, in craniofacial disorders (malocclusion, etc.) there is little strong evidence currently, as mentioned.  2). Literature reviews are often useful, but can be prone to selectivity.  3). Evidence  based in clinical practice, be it primary or secondary care, is often dismissed as weak evidence, when the truth is, this is where the majority of serious studies originate. 

The following is a small selection, in no particular order, from the almost 400 references and suggested bibliography available from our website:

REFERENCES:

1. Mew, J R C.  "The aetiology of malocclusion: can the Tropic Premise assist our understanding?".  British Dental Journal.  151; 296-302. 1981. “A delicate tropic mechanism overlays the genetic control of facial growth to allow adopted postures to guide the jaws and teeth into a satisfactory occlusion".  This seems to be the first time that it has been suggested that ‘Malocclusion is a postural Deformity’. 

2. Oleski Sheryl Lynn, Gerald H. Smith, William T. Crow. Radiographic Evidence of Cranial Bone Mobility.  Cranio: The Journal of Craniomandibular Practice, January 2002, Volume 20, Number 1, pp 34.

3. Travell, Janet. Temporomandibular joint pain referred from muscles of the head and neck. J. Pros. Dent., Vol. 10,  No. 4, July-Aug., 1960.   

4. M J Trenouth, S R Desmond. “A cephalometric evaluation of oropharyngeal airway changes during Twin Block treatment”; Int J. Dent and Oral Sci (IJDOS); S4-004. 22-30

5. Levrini, Salone and Ramirez-Yanez.  “Pre-fabricated myofunctional appliance for the treatment of mild to moderate pediatric sleep apnea: a preliminary report”.  J. of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, Vol 42 Number 3. 2018.

6. Frymann V, DO. “Why does the orthodontist require osteopathy in the cranial field?” The Cranial Letter Vol 14. No4. Fall 1998.

7. Solberg William K. “Temporomandibular disorders”. Brit. Dent. J. Vol 160, No’s 5-12. March, April, May, June, 1986.

8. Garabed Gary Demerjian,  Anthony Benjamin Sims, and Brendan Curran Stack.

“Proteomic signature of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders (TMD): Toward

diagnostically predictive biomarkers”. Published online Jan 2011.

9. Travell Janet. Temporomandibular Joint Pain Referred from Muscles of the Head and Neck. J. Pros. Dent. 10:745, 1960.  

10. Garliner Daniel. The Myofunctional Therapist; A New Member of the Dental Medicine Team, N.Y. Dent. J., 31:290, 1965.

11. Garliner, Daniel: Deviate Swallow, Functional Approach J. Mass. Dent. Soc., 13:26, 1974.

12.  Fonder A.C.  Alter, J.L., Allemand, L.E., and Monks, W.W.: Malocclusion as it relates to general health, I 11. Dent. J., 34:292 Way, 1965).

13. Fonder A C.  The dental distress syndrome (DDS). Essay, Amer. Dent. Assoc. An, Meet., Houston, Texas (Oct. 28, 1973). Related spinal curvature and respiratory problems. Essay, Amer. Dent. Assoc. An. Meet., Houston, Texas (Oct. 29, 1973).

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

Fonder A C. DDS. “The Dental Physician”. Medical Arts. 1977.

Howat J M P, DC.  „Chiropractc Craniofacial Dynamics“. Cranial Comminucations Systems publisher, 2009

Williams S P, DC. “Pregnancy and paediatrics”. Stephen Williams publisher, 2005

Proffit W R. “Equilibrium theory revisited: Factors influencing position of the teeth”.  Angle Orthodontics. 1978

G Langly-Smith BDS. “Is your bite quite right?” Langly-Smith. Lecturing and Learning. 2020

J W Truitt and G Bastien. “The Bimler Cephalometric Analysis”. Ortho Organisers Inc. USA. 1985

Stimson N J. LDS. “The integrated approach to malocclusion, sleep disordered breathing and temporomandibular disorders”. BSSCMD. 2021.